Banns
A public announcement in church on three Sundays of an intended marriage, so that anyone who knows an objection can speak.
Also: banns of marriage, bans
Banns are a public notice of a planned marriage, read out in the parish church on three Sundays before the wedding, in the Church of England and the Catholic Church, so that any person who knows of a lawful impediment may state it. The practice dates from the medieval period, and in England and Wales banns are still a legal route to marriage in the Church of England. The words I publish the banns of marriage between... are the traditional ones. In many places today the church uses a short announcement, and some countries use a civil notice period instead.